Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial, and Vasoconstriction Activities of an Anti-Hemorrhoidal Mixture of Alchemilla vulgaris, Conyza bonariensis, and Nigella sativa: In Vitro and Clinical Evaluations

Nigella sativa, Conyza bonariensis, and Alchemilla vulgaris are highly recommended in Greco-Arab traditional medicine as anti-hemorrhoid medicinal plants. The efficacy safety of a topical cream (HPC) consisting water–ethanol extracts these three plants were evaluated here vitro randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (RDBPC). HPC showed no significant cytotoxic effects fibroblast cell line 3T3 (LDH-release MTT assay); it inhibited the nitric oxide production by cultured monocyte THP-1 dose-dependent manner (reaching control levels untreated cells at concentration 100 μg/mL). antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (60% inhibition compared to Ampicillin 5 mg/disc) vasoconstriction effect on intestinal vein rings (40% increase phenylephrine). In RDBPC with 77 hemorrhoidal disease (patients ages 19–61 years median grade hemorrhoids 2.0), we determined HPC. patients randomly assigned group (54 patients) or placebo (23 patients). They asked apply 2–3 mL twice daily for 6 days. degree severity, hemorrhage pain, itching served an evaluation efficacy. Compared group, obtained results that days treatment reduced indexes severity 0–1, 1, 1 after days, respectively. conclusion, treated had clinical improvement all parameters placebo. evaluations proved have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, effects. Therefore, represents interesting alternative disease.